how to use a speculum

Use of a vaginal speculum and taking a vaginal swab | Nurse KeyWhat's a Vaginal Spine? Synopsis A vaginal is a tool that doctors use during pelvic exams. Manufactured in metal or plastic, it is sharpened and formed as a duck bill. Your doctor inserts the specter into your vagina and opens it gently during your exam. Specimens come in different sizes. Your doctor will choose the size to use based on your age and length and width of your vagina. Doctors use vaginal spectra to extend and maintain their vaginal walls during a test. This allows them to see their vagina and cervix more easily. Without the spectrum, your doctor will not be able to do a complete pelvic exam. To help your doctor evaluate the health of your reproductive system. It can also help diagnose any condition or problem. Pelvic exams are often done along with other medical tests, including breast, abdominal, and back exams. Your doctor will do a pelvic exam in a test room. It usually only takes a few minutes. You will be asked to change into a robe and can give you a wrap sheet around your lower body. During the test, your doctor will first perform an external exam to see the outside of your vagina to detect any signs of a problem, such as:Next, your doctor will use a spectrum for an internal exam. During this part of the test, your doctor will examine your vagina and cervix. They can lubricate the hot spectrum or slightly before inserting it to help you feel more comfortable. Organs such as uterus and ovaries cannot be seen from the outside. This means your doctor will have to feel them to check the problems. Your doctor will insert two lubricated fingers and gloves into your vagina. They will use the other hand to press in the lower abdomen to check any growth or sensitivity in their pelvic organs. Your doctor will use a vaginal spectrum when you receive a , a test that checks abnormal cells in your cervix. Abnormal cells can cause cervical cancer if not treated. During a Pap test, your doctor will use a hysop to collect a small sample of cells from your cervix. This will usually happen after your doctor looks at the vagina and cervix and before removing the spectrum. A Pain can be uncomfortable, but it's a quick procedure. It shouldn't be painful. If you are between 21 and 65 years old, the United States preventive services task force receives a Pap test every three years. If you're between 30 and 65 years old, you can replace Pap smear for every five years, or put together both. If you are over 65 years old, talk to your doctor about whether you still need a Papanicolaou. If your previous exams have been normal, you may not need them to move forward. It takes approximately one or three weeks to get results from a Papanicolaou. Results can be normal, abnormal or unclear. If it's normal, that means your doctor didn't find abnormal cells. If your Pap is abnormal, that means some cells don't look at how they should. This doesn't necessarily mean you have cancer. But it means your doctor will probably want to do more tests. If the changes in the cell are minor, they can make another blink, immediately or in a few months. If the changes are more severe, your doctor may recommend a . An unclear result means that tests cannot tell if your cervical cells are normal or abnormal. In this case, your doctor may have to return in six months to one year for another Papanicolaou or see if you need additional tests to rule out any other problem. Potential causes of Pap smear results abnormal or unclear: Getting Pap summaries according to recommendations is very important. It estimates that there will be approximately 13,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer and about 4,000 deaths from cervical cancer in 2018. Cervical cancer is more common in women from 35 to 44.A Papanicolaou smear is the best method for early detection of cervical or precáncer cancer. In fact, it shows that, as the use of the pipe has increased, the mortality rate for cervical cancer decreased more than 50 percent. There are few, if any, risks associated with the use of a vaginal spectrum, provided the spectrum is sterile. The greatest risk is discomfort during the pelvic examination. Having your muscles can make the test more uncomfortable. To avoid being tense, you can try to breathe slowly and deeply, relaxing muscles throughout your body — not just your pelvic area — and asking the doctor to describe what is happening during the test. You can also try any other relaxation technique that works for you. Although it can be uncomfortable, a spectrum should never be painful. If you start feeling pain, tell your doctor. They can change to a smaller spectrum. Specimens may be uncomfortable, but they are a vital tool that allows doctors to give a full pelvic exam. This test helps your doctor check sexually transmitted infections, including HPV, which is a major cause of cervical cancer, and other potential health problems. Last medical review on October 19, 2018

A complete collection of OSCE clinical test guides that include step-by-step images of key steps, video demonstrations and PDF brand schemes. A complete collection of OSCE guides to common clinical procedures, including step-by-step images of key steps, video demonstrations and PDF brand schemes. A collection of communication knowledge guides, for common OSCE scenarios, including history and information. A collection of data interpretation guides to help you learn how to interpret various laboratory and radiology research. A complete collection of medical review notes covering a wide range of clinical topics. A collection of surgical review notes covering key surgical topics. A collection of anatomy notes that cover the key concepts of anatomy that medical students need to learn. A collection of interactive medical and surgical clinical scenarios to put your diagnostic and management skills to the test. Each clinical case allows to work through history, research, diagnosis and management. A collection of free medical questionnaires to test your medical and surgical knowledge! Look at our new brand. Especulum Exams – OSCE Guide If you want to support us and get something cool in return, check our content of more than 100 OSCE checklists in PDF format. We have also released one containing more than 800 cards. Table of Contents Suggest an improvement The examination of the speculum is often found in the OSCE and is expected to demonstrate excellent communication and practical skills. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to a spectrum review in an OSCE environment, with a video demonstration included. Meeting equipment Gather the appropriate equipment: IntroductionGive your hands and give PPE if appropriate. Introduce yourself to the patient including your name and role. Confirm the patient's name and date of birth. Explain what the test will involve the use of patient-friendly language: "Today I need to perform a spectrum test. The procedure will involve me inserting a small plastic device called specter into the vagina. This will allow me to visualize the cervix. It shouldn't be painful, but it'll feel a little uncomfortable. You can ask me to stop at any time. You may experience some light vaginal bleeding after the procedure." Explain the need for a chaperone: "One of the staff members in the room will be present throughout the examination, acting as a chaperone, would that be okay? "Consent of gain to proceed with the test: Do you understand everything I said? Do you have any questions? Are you glad you're doing the test? "Ask the patient if you have any pain or if you think you may be pregnant before proceeding with the clinical test. Provide the patient with the opportunity to pass the urine before the test. Explain to the patient that they will need to remove their underwear and lie on the clinical exam couch, covering with the provided sheet. Provide the patient with privacy to get naked and check that it's okay to get back into the room before you do. Inspection of Vulval Position1. Make a pair of non-sterile gloves.2. Place the patient in the position of the modified lithotomy: "Take your heels to your bottom and let your knees fall to your sides." Inspect the vulva1. Inspect the vulva for anomalies:2. Inspection of evidence of vaginal prolapse (a visible bulge that protrudes from the vagina). Ask the patient to cough while inspecting can exacerbate the lump and help confirm the presence of prolapse. The Bartholin glands are responsible for producing secretions that keep the vaginal moisture and are typically located at 4 and 8 in relation to the vaginal introitus. These glands can be blocked and/or infected, resulting in cyst formation. Typical findings on the clinical test include a fluctuating unilateral mass, which may or may not be tender. Sclerosus Lichen is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition that can affect the anogenital region in women. It has pruritis and clinical examination typically reveals white thick patches. Scars and destructive adherences develop by causing the distortion of normal vaginal architecture (the spraying of the lips, the narrowing of the introitus, the clitoris obscuration). There are several causes of abnormal vaginal discharge including: Spectrum insertion Advert the patient who will insert the spectrum and ask if they are still okay for it to do so. If the patient accepts the continuation of the procedure:1. Use your left hand (index finger and thumb) to separate your lips.2. Gently insert the lateral spectra (closed blacks, sloping down).3. Once inserted, turn the spectrum back 90° so that the handle faces up.4. Open the spectra blades until an optimal view of the cervix is reached.5. Press the nut to fix the position of the blades. Verification of the cervixInspection of the cervix: Cervical ectropion is a condition in which the columnar epithelial cells that are normally found inside the cervical canal are present outside the cervix (normally the only cells outside the cervix are squamous epithelial cells). The areas of the spine epithelial cells appear red against the normal pink color of the cervix and are often found around the external os. They are more prone to bleeding, due to the presence of a network of delicate fine blood vessels, and as a result, patients often have post-coital bleeding. Cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Before the development of cervical cancer, the cells of the cervix can become dysplastic, a condition known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN). can identify patients infected with HPV who have NCD, allowing early treatment to prevent progression to invasive cervical cancer. Many women do not have symptoms in the early stages of cervical cancer, but symptoms may include vaginal bleeding (intermenstrual, post-coital), increased vaginal discharge and vaginal discomfort. The clinical test usually reveals white or red patches in the cervix in early illness or the presence of a cervical ulcer or tumor in more advanced disease. Elimination of spectrum1. Place the lock nut on the spectrum and partially close the blades.2. Turn the 90° spectrum, back to its original insertion orientation.3. Gently remove the spectrum, inspecting the walls of the vagina as you do.4. Cover the patient with the blade, explain that the test is now complete and provide the patient with privacy so that he can dress. Provide paper towels for the patient to clean.5. Get rid of the equipment used in a container of clinical waste. To complete the procedure... Thanks to the patient for his time. Get rid of PPE properly and wash your hands. Document the procedure in the medical notes, including the details of the chaperon. Summarize your findings. Today I have examined Mrs. Smith, a 28-year-old woman. At the general inspection, the patient appeared comfortable at rest. There were no items or medical equipment around the relevant bed. "No abnormalities were observed in the inspection of vulva and the examination of spectra that revealed a healthy cervix with a closed external os." In short, these findings are consistent with a normal spectrum test. "For integrity, I would like to conduct the following assessments and investigations." Other evaluations and researches CommentMr Isaac MaganiConsultant Obstetrician References Join the community ? Subscribe to our latest videos ‹Comprended us a ̄Check out our appOSCE Flashcard Collection deحLatest articles QuestionPSA Question Bank !Medical Finals Questions OOver 5000 FREE MCQs & Flashcards The Most Common English Words Want aOther pages Join the community

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